Torque
Rotational force that generates or opposes a turning motion — expressed in Newton-meters (Nm) and defined as the product of force and lever arm.
Definition
Torque (symbol M) is a physical quantity that describes how strongly a force generates or resists rotation about an axis. It is the product of the acting force F and the perpendicular distance r between the point of force application and the axis of rotation. The SI unit is Newton-meters (Nm). A torque of 1 Nm is produced when a force of 1 N acts at a distance of 1 m from the axis of rotation.
In drive technology, torque is often calculated from motor power and speed. It is the basis for sizing all torque-transmitting components such as shafts, couplings, gearboxes, and fastening elements. The continuous torque of a motor is called rated torque, and the maximum torque before stalling is called breakdown torque — both parameters define the performance limit of the drive.
Practical Relevance
Torque is the most important parameter when selecting electric motors, gearboxes, and couplings. Under-sized components cannot transmit the required torque and will fail prematurely. Use our torque calculator to quickly determine the required torque for your application.