Service Life L10
The service life L10 is the nominal service life (in km of travel) reached by at least 90 % of all guides in a series without material fatigue. It links the dynamic load rating C with the equivalent operating load P and is the standard parameter for service life design of linear guides and rolling bearings.
Definition and Statistical Basis
L10 stands for the 10 percent failure probability: exactly 10 % of the tested units do not reach the L10 service life, while 90 % survive it. This statistical convention is established in ISO 14728-1 (linear guides) and ISO 281 (rolling bearings). L10 is given in km of travel (or, in the bearing field, in millions of revolutions). The basic formula links the dynamic load rating C and the equivalent operating load P through an exponential relationship.
Formula for Roller Guides
L10 = Nominal service life [km] — 90 % of the series reaches this value
C = Dynamic load rating [N or kN] — from manufacturer catalog
P = Equivalent dynamic operating load [N or kN]
Exponent 10/3 applies to roller guides. For ball guides the exponent is 3 (L10 = (C/P)³).
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